The collections contain approximately 2,900,000 specimens, where the largest sections are the seven herbaria. These are, the general herbarium for vascular plants outside Denmark, the Danish herbarium, Greenland herbarium, and the Algal, Bryophyte, Lichen, and Fungi herbaria. The museum is also the caretaker of the Agricultural University Herbarium, as well as Queen Ingrids Herbarium with plants from the Gråsten Castle Gardens.